Value of Raisins for Reduction of Oxidative Stress, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Obesity

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dc.contributor.authorAndreae, Mary Christineen
dc.contributor.committeechairRankin, Janet L. Walbergen
dc.contributor.committeememberO'Keefe, Sean F.en
dc.contributor.committeememberDavy, Kevin P.en
dc.contributor.departmentHuman Nutrition, Foods, and Exerciseen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T20:41:46Zen
dc.date.adate2009-08-03en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T20:41:46Zen
dc.date.issued2009-07-08en
dc.date.rdate2011-09-05en
dc.date.sdate2009-07-21en
dc.description.abstractThis study investigated the effects of daily consumption of Thompson seedless raisins on markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial activation in response to an acute high-fat meal in obese individuals. Seventeen overweight men and women consumed raisins or placebo (264 kcal/d) for 14 d in a randomized cross-over design while following a low-flavonoid, weight-maintenance diet. Four high-fat (53% fat) meals were consumed with the respective treatment pre and post interventions. Measures at fasting, and 2, 3 and 4 hours postprandial included markers of oxidative stress (urinary 8-isoPGF2α; serum Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity, ORAC), inflammation (serum C-reactive protein, CRP; interleukin-6, IL-6), endothelial function (serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, sICAM-1; soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1, sVCAM-1), and metabolic measures (free fatty acids (FFA), triacylglycerol (TAC), glucose, insulin). Urinary 8-isoPGF2α decreased 22% and ORAC increased 3% pre to post interventions combined. Postprandial metabolic responses differed by gender, males surpassed females for several measures: FFA, triacylglycerol, glucose, and sVCAM-1. Neither the meals nor treatment with raisins had any noteworthy influence on fasted measures of inflammation or endothelial dysfunction. Acute high fat meal consumption did not result in evidence of inflammation or oxidative stress in these relatively healthy, overweight individuals. Providing all food in regular pattern reduced measures of oxidative stress. Gender influenced metabolic responses to meals; males had a greater postprandial response in metabolic measures than females.en
dc.description.degreeMaster of Scienceen
dc.identifier.otheretd-07212009-170938en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07212009-170938/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/34102en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartMCA.Final.pdfen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectHigh fat mealen
dc.subjectAntioxidantsen
dc.subjectFlavonoidsen
dc.subjectCytokinesen
dc.subjectEndothelial activationen
dc.subjectORACen
dc.subjectPostprandial responseen
dc.titleValue of Raisins for Reduction of Oxidative Stress, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Obesityen
dc.typeThesisen
thesis.degree.disciplineHuman Nutrition, Foods, and Exerciseen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.levelmastersen
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Scienceen

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