Immunological Response to Clostridium perfringens in Two Genetically Divergent Lines of Chickens as Influenced by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Genotype

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dc.contributor.authorSumners, Lindsay Harten
dc.contributor.committeechairDalloul, Rami A.en
dc.contributor.committeememberMcElroy, Audrey P.en
dc.contributor.committeememberWong, Eric A.en
dc.contributor.departmentAnimal and Poultry Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T21:38:53Zen
dc.date.adate2011-07-28en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T21:38:53Zen
dc.date.issued2011-06-06en
dc.date.rdate2011-07-28en
dc.date.sdate2011-06-20en
dc.description.abstractChickens genetically selected for low (LA) or high (HA) antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) displayed a correlated change in major histocompatibility complex (MHC), so that LA chickens were 96% B¹³ and HA chickens were 96% B²¹. During a clinical outbreak of necrotic enteritis, B²¹B²¹ genotypes experienced significantly less mortality (6% vs. 13 %) compared to B¹³B¹³ genotypes. A study was carried out to assess immunological differences between LA and HA lines during exposure to Clostridium perfringens. In Experiment 1, chickens were orally gavaged with a low (10⁷ CFU/mL) or high (10⁹ CFU/mL) dose of C. perfringens. In Experiment 2, chickens were orally gavaged with live coccidia oocysts on experiment d 1, followed by 10⁷ CFU/mL C. perfringens on d 5. Unfortunately, establishment of necrotic enteritis infection was unsuccessful in both experiments as evidenced by lack of significant intestinal lesions, as well as no negative effect on bird performance. In an ex vivo study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from each genetic line, cultured, stimulated with LPS (4 h), and exposed to varying concentrations of C. perfringens α-toxin (1, 10, 100, 1000 U/L) for 2 and 4 h. Evaluation of cellular proliferation, percent cytotoxicity and immunological gene expression was carried out in a variety of experiments. Genetic lines were found to be highly divergent in all analyses.en
dc.description.degreeMaster of Scienceen
dc.identifier.otheretd-06202011-123953en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06202011-123953/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/43370en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartSumners_LH_T_2011_Corrected.pdfen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectimmune responseen
dc.subjectgenetic resistanceen
dc.subjectnecrotic enteritisen
dc.subjectClostridium perfringensen
dc.subjectchickenen
dc.titleImmunological Response to Clostridium perfringens in Two Genetically Divergent Lines of Chickens as Influenced by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Genotypeen
dc.typeThesisen
thesis.degree.disciplineAnimal and Poultry Sciencesen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.levelmastersen
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Scienceen

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