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Peeling back the many layers of competitive exclusion

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dc.contributor.authorMaurer, John J.en
dc.contributor.authorCheng, Yingen
dc.contributor.authorPedroso, Adrianaen
dc.contributor.authorThompson, Kasey K.en
dc.contributor.authorAkter, Shamimaen
dc.contributor.authorKwan, Tiffanyen
dc.contributor.authorMorota, Gotaen
dc.contributor.authorKinstler, Sydneyen
dc.contributor.authorPorwollik, Steffenen
dc.contributor.authorMcClelland, Michaelen
dc.contributor.authorEscalante-Semerena, Jorge C.en
dc.contributor.authorLee, Margie D.en
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-30T20:36:51Zen
dc.date.available2024-04-30T20:36:51Zen
dc.date.issued2024-03-21en
dc.description.abstractBaby chicks administered a fecal transplant from adult chickens are resistant to Salmonella colonization by competitive exclusion. A two-pronged approach was used to investigate the mechanism of this process. First, Salmonella response to an exclusive (Salmonella competitive exclusion product, Aviguard®) or permissive microbial community (chicken cecal contents from colonized birds containing 7.85 Log₁ₒ Salmonella genomes/gram) was assessed ex vivo using a S. typhimurium reporter strain with fluorescent YFP and CFP gene fusions to rrn and hilA operon, respectively. Second, cecal transcriptome analysis was used to assess the cecal communities’ response to Salmonella in chickens with low (≤5.85 Log₁ₒ genomes/g) or high (≥6.00 Log₁ₒ genomes/g) Salmonella colonization. The ex vivo experiment revealed a reduction in Salmonella growth and hilA expression following co-culture with the exclusive community. The exclusive community also repressed Salmonella’s SPI-1 virulence genes and LPS modification, while the anti-virulence/inflammatory gene avrA was upregulated. Salmonella transcriptome analysis revealed significant metabolic disparities in Salmonella grown with the two different communities. Propanediol utilization and vitamin B12 synthesis were central to Salmonella metabolism co-cultured with either community, and mutations in propanediol and vitamin B12 metabolism altered Salmonella growth in the exclusive community. There were significant differences in the cecal community’s stress response to Salmonella colonization. Cecal community transcripts indicated that antimicrobials were central to the type of stress response detected in the low Salmonella abundance community, suggesting antagonism involved in Salmonella exclusion. This study indicates complex community interactions that modulate Salmonella metabolism and pathogenic behavior and reduce growth through antagonism may be key to exclusion.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThe author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was supported by grants from the United States Department of Agriculture (2005–01378, 2009–03561, and VA-160130). JE-S was supported by NIH grant R35-GM130399. Carbohydrate analysis was supported by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy grant (DE-SC0015662) to Parastoo Azadi at the University of Georgia Complex Carbohydrate Research Center.en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationMaurer JJ, Cheng Y, Pedroso A, Thompson KK, Akter S, Kwan T, Morota G, Kinstler S, Porwollik S, McClelland M, Escalante-Semerena JC and Lee MD (2024) Peeling back the many layers of competitive exclusion. Front. Microbiol. 15:1342887. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342887en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342887en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10919/118711en
dc.identifier.volume15en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherFrontiersen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectpathogenen
dc.subjectexclusionen
dc.subjectSalmonellaen
dc.subjectantimicrobialsen
dc.subjectcompetitionen
dc.subjectattenuationen
dc.titlePeeling back the many layers of competitive exclusionen
dc.title.serialFrontiers in Microbiologyen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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