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Decadal fates and impacts of nitrogen additions on temperate forest carbon storage: a data-model comparison

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dc.contributor.authorCheng, Susan J.en
dc.contributor.authorHess, Peter G.en
dc.contributor.authorWieder, William R.en
dc.contributor.authorThomas, R. Quinnen
dc.contributor.authorNadelhoffer, Knute J.en
dc.contributor.authorVira, Juliusen
dc.contributor.authorLombardozzi, Danica L.en
dc.contributor.authorGundersen, Peren
dc.contributor.authorFernandez, Ivan J.en
dc.contributor.authorSchleppi, Patricken
dc.contributor.authorGruselle, Marie-Cecileen
dc.contributor.authorMoldan, Filipen
dc.contributor.authorGoodale, Christine L.en
dc.contributor.departmentForest Resources and Environmental Conservationen
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-14T16:39:14Zen
dc.date.available2021-09-14T16:39:14Zen
dc.date.issued2019-07-16en
dc.date.updated2021-09-14T16:39:12Zen
dc.description.abstractTo accurately capture the impacts of nitrogen (N) on the land carbon (C) sink in Earth system models, model responses to both N limitation and ecosystem N additions (e.g., from atmospheric N deposition and fertilizer) need to be evaluated. The response of the land C sink to N additions depends on the fate of these additions: that is, how much of the added N is lost from the ecosystem through N loss pathways or recovered and used to increase C storage in plants and soils. Here, we evaluate the C-N dynamics of the latest version of a global land model, the Community Land Model version 5 (CLM5), and how they vary when ecosystems have large N inputs and losses (i.e., an open N cycle) or small N inputs and losses (i.e., a closed N cycle). This comparison allows us to identify potential improvements to CLM5 that would apply to simulated N cycles along the open-to-closed spectrum. We also compare the short-(< 3 years) and longerterm (5-17 years) N fates in CLM5 against observations from 13 long-term 15N tracer addition experiments at eight temperate forest sites. Simulations using both open and closed N cycles overestimated plant N recovery following N additions. In particular, the model configuration with a closed N cycle simulated that plants acquired more than twice the amount of added N recovered in 15N tracer studies on short timescales (CLM5: 46 ± 12 %; observations: 18 ± 12 %; mean across sites ±1 standard deviation) and almost twice as much on longer timescales (CLM5: 23±6 %; observations: 13±5 %). Soil N recoveries in simulations with closed N cycles were closer to observations in the short term (CLM5: 40 ± 10 %; observations: 54±22 %) but smaller than observations in the long term (CLM5: 59±15 %; observations: 69±18 %). Simulations with open N cycles estimated similar patterns in plant and soil N recovery, except that soil N recovery was also smaller than observations in the short term. In both open and closed sets of simulations, soil N recoveries in CLM5 occurred from the cycling of N through plants rather than through direct immobilization in the soil, as is often indicated by tracer studies. Although CLM5 greatly overestimated plant N recovery, the simulated increase in C stocks to recovered N was not much larger than estimated by observations, largely because the model's assumed C:N ratio for wood was nearly half that suggested by measurements at the field sites. Overall, results suggest that simulating accu rate ecosystem responses to changes in N additions requires increasing soil competition for N relative to plants and examining model assumptions of C V N stoichiometry, which should also improve model estimates of other terrestrial C-N processes and interactions.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extentPages 2771-2793en
dc.format.extent23 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2771-2019en
dc.identifier.eissn1726-4189en
dc.identifier.issn1726-4170en
dc.identifier.issue13en
dc.identifier.orcidThomas, R. Quinn [0000-0003-1282-7825]en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/104993en
dc.identifier.volume16en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherCopernicusen
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000475619100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicineen
dc.subjectPhysical Sciencesen
dc.subjectEcologyen
dc.subjectGeosciences, Multidisciplinaryen
dc.subjectEnvironmental Sciences & Ecologyen
dc.subjectGeologyen
dc.subjectSCOTS PINE FORESTen
dc.subjectSOIL CARBONen
dc.subjectNUTRIENT COMPETITIONen
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM RESPONSEen
dc.subjectGLOBAL PATTERNSen
dc.subjectREACTIVE GASESen
dc.subjectCLIMATE-CHANGEen
dc.subjectNORWAY SPRUCEen
dc.subjectN-2 FIXATIONen
dc.subjectN-15 TRACERSen
dc.subjectMeteorology & Atmospheric Sciencesen
dc.subject04 Earth Sciencesen
dc.subject05 Environmental Sciencesen
dc.subject06 Biological Sciencesen
dc.titleDecadal fates and impacts of nitrogen additions on temperate forest carbon storage: a data-model comparisonen
dc.title.serialBiogeosciencesen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dc.type.otherJournalen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environmenten
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environment/Forest Resources and Environmental Conservationen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environment/CNRE T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciences/Durelle Scotten

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