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La Crosse Virus Circulation in Virginia, Assessed via Serosurveillance in Wildlife Species

dc.contributor.authorFaw, Lindsey R.en
dc.contributor.authorRiley, Jenniferen
dc.contributor.authorEastwood, Gillianen
dc.coverage.countryUnited Statesen
dc.coverage.stateVirginiaen
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-25T12:58:44Zen
dc.date.available2023-08-25T12:58:44Zen
dc.date.issued2023-06-30en
dc.date.updated2023-08-25T12:36:53Zen
dc.description.abstractMosquito-borne La Crosse virus (LACV; family: <i>Peribunyaviridae</i>) is the leading cause of pediatric arboviral encephalitis in the United States, with clinical cases generally centered in the Midwest and Appalachian regions. Incidence of LACV cases in Appalachian states has increased, such that the region currently represents the majority of reported LACV cases in the USA. The amount of reported LACV cases from Virginia, however, is minimal compared to neighboring states such as North Carolina, West Virginia, and Tennessee, and non-Appalachian regions of Virginia are understudied. Here we examine the hypothesis that LACV is circulating widely in Virginia, despite a low clinical case report rate, and that the virus is circulating in areas not associated with LACV disease. In this study, we screened local mammalian wildlife in northwestern counties of Virginia using passive surveillance via patients submitted to wildlife rehabilitation centers. Blood sera (527 samples; 9 species, 8 genera) collected between October 2019 and December 2022 were screened for neutralizing antibodies against LACV, indicating prior exposure to the virus. We found an overall LACV seroprevalence of 1.90% among all wild mammals examined and reveal evidence of LACV exposure in several wild species not generally associated with LACV, including eastern cottontails and red foxes, along with established reservoirs, eastern gray squirrels, although there was no serological evidence in chipmunks. These data indicate the circulation of LACV in Virginia outside of Appalachian counties, however, at a lower rate than reported for endemic areas within the state and in other states.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationFaw, L.R.; Riley, J.; Eastwood, G. La Crosse Virus Circulation in Virginia, Assessed via Serosurveillance in Wildlife Species. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2023, 15, 360-369.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/idr15040036en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/116126en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectLa Crosse virusen
dc.subjectserologyen
dc.subjectarbovirusen
dc.subjectVirginiaen
dc.subjectvector-borne diseaseen
dc.subjectmosquitoen
dc.subjectwildlifeen
dc.titleLa Crosse Virus Circulation in Virginia, Assessed via Serosurveillance in Wildlife Speciesen
dc.title.serialInfectious Disease Reportsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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