Formula diet driven microbiota shifts tryptophan metabolism from serotonin to tryptamine in neonatal porcine colon

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dc.contributor.authorSaraf, Manish K.en
dc.contributor.authorPiccolo, Brian D.en
dc.contributor.authorBowlin, Anne K.en
dc.contributor.authorMercer, Kelly E.en
dc.contributor.authorLeRoith, Tanyaen
dc.contributor.authorChintapalli, Sree V..en
dc.contributor.authorShankar, Kartiken
dc.contributor.authorBadger, Thomas M.en
dc.contributor.authorYeruva, Laxmien
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-03T20:14:00Zen
dc.date.available2017-08-03T20:14:00Zen
dc.date.issued2017-07-14en
dc.date.updated2017-08-03T11:00:13Zen
dc.description.abstractBackground The gut microbiota of breast-fed and formula-fed infants differ significantly, as do the risks for allergies, gut dysfunction, and upper respiratory tract infections. The connections between breast milk, various formulas, and the profiles of gut bacteria to these childhood illnesses, as well as the mechanisms underlying the effects, are not well understood. Methods We investigated distal colon microbiota by 16S RNA amplicon sequencing, morphology by histomorphometry, immune response by cytokine expression, and tryptophan metabolism in a pig model in which piglets were sow-fed, or fed soy or dairy milk-based formula from postnatal day (PND) 2 to 21. Results Formula feeding significantly (p < 0.05) altered the colon microbiota relative to the sow feeding. A significant reduction in microbial diversity was noted with formula groups in comparison to sow-fed. Streptococcus, Blautia, Citrobacter, Butrycimonas, Parabacteroides, Lactococcus genera were increased with formula feeding relative to sow feeding. In addition, relative to sow feeding, Anaerotruncus, Akkermansia, Enterococcus, Acinetobacter, Christensenella, and Holdemania were increased in milk-fed piglets, and Biliophila, Ruminococcus, Clostridium were increased in soy-fed piglets. No significant gut morphological changes were noted. However, higher cytokine mRNA expression (BMP4, CCL11, CCL21) was observed in the distal colon of formula groups. Formula feeding reduced enterochromaffin cell number and serotonin, but increased tryptamine levels relative to sow feeding. Conclusions Our data confirm that formula diet alters the colon microbiota and appears to shift tryptophan metabolism from serotonin to tryptamine, which may lead to greater histamine levels and risk of allergies in infants.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationMicrobiome. 2017 Jul 14;5(1):77en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-017-0297-zen
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/78658en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleFormula diet driven microbiota shifts tryptophan metabolism from serotonin to tryptamine in neonatal porcine colonen
dc.title.serialMicrobiomeen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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