Effect of Folic Acid Supplementation and Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance, Serum Chemistry and Immune Response in Weanling Piglets Fed Differing Concentrations of Aflatoxin
| dc.contributor.author | Wang, Ding | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Lindemann, Merlin D. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Estienne, Mark J. | en |
| dc.contributor.department | University of Kentucky. Animal and Food Sciences | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-10-13T17:20:15Z | en |
| dc.date.available | 2020-10-13T17:20:15Z | en |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-10-09 | en |
| dc.date.updated | 2020-10-13T13:24:28Z | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Effects of folic acid and protein levels on growth and serum chemistry in pigs fed aflatoxin were determined in two experiments. Increasing aflatoxin (250 to 800 ppb) decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) weight gain and feed intake for both of the 35-day trials. In Experiment 1, increasing aflatoxin (0, 250, 500 ppb), increased linearly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) and ɣ-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Folic acid (0, 2.0, 5.0, 12.5 ppm) increased linearly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) serum K, Ca, P, Mg, and AST with the largest effect observed at 12.5 ppm. Folic acid decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) blood urea nitrogen (BUN): creatinine and Na:K. In Experiment 2, aflatoxin (800 ppb) increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) glucose and GGT, and decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) Na:K and albumin:globulin. Increasing protein from 15 to 18% elevated BUN: creatinine (<i>P</i> < 0.05), albumin: globulin (<i>P</i> < 0.05), albumin (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and ALKP (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Folic acid (2 ppm) elevated (<i>P</i> < 0.05) BUN, and interacted with both aflatoxin (<i>P</i> < 0.10) and protein (<i>P</i> < 0.05) on BUN. Adding folic acid to aflatoxin contaminated diets improved some measures of clinical chemistry in Experiment 1 but not traditional growth performance measures. The higher protein level reduced the effects of aflatoxicosis on growth. | en |
| dc.description.version | Published version | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.citation | Wang, D.; Lindemann, M.D.; Estienne, M.J. Effect of Folic Acid Supplementation and Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance, Serum Chemistry and Immune Response in Weanling Piglets Fed Differing Concentrations of Aflatoxin. Toxins 2020, 12, 651. | en |
| dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12100651 | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/100471 | en |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | MDPI | en |
| dc.rights | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International | en |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en |
| dc.subject | aflatoxin | en |
| dc.subject | folic acid | en |
| dc.subject | protein level | en |
| dc.subject | piglets | en |
| dc.title | Effect of Folic Acid Supplementation and Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance, Serum Chemistry and Immune Response in Weanling Piglets Fed Differing Concentrations of Aflatoxin | en |
| dc.title.serial | Toxins | en |
| dc.type | Article - Refereed | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | Text | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | StillImage | en |