Effects of Yoga on Low Back Stability, Strength and Endurance

Abstract

AIMS: To investigate the effects of Yoga on improving low back stability (threshold of stability, and mean total velocity of center of pressure), trunk strength (isometric strength in extension and flexion), and back endurance (isometric endurance in extension, flexion, and side laterals).

METHODS: A pretest posttest control group experimental design was used. Sixteen participants, 10 females and 6 males, without a history of low back pain, and no prior experience of Yoga, were recruited. Yoga participants were recruited following registration in a yoga class; the control subjects were selected and recruited selectively in order to match the stature and body mass of the Yoga participant pool. Performance was measured prior to the beginning of Yoga exercises and 7 weeks later for both the groups.

RESULTS: Contrary to the control group, the Yoga group significantly improved in terms of low back stability (decrease in threshold of stability by ~19%) and sway parameters (decrease in mean total velocity of COP by ~17%).

CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of this study illustrate the potential of Yoga as a low-impact exercise regime for improving low back stability via neuromuscular control and proprioception. There was no significant difference in trunk strength and endurance when comparing the two groups; therefore, the Yoga exercise was equally effective as the regular exercises.