Persistence of HIV drug resistance among South African children given nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child-transmission

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dc.contributor.authorKanthula, Ruthen
dc.contributor.authorRossouw, Theresa M.en
dc.contributor.authorFeucht, Ute D.en
dc.contributor.authorvan Dyk, Giselaen
dc.contributor.authorBeck, Ingrid A.en
dc.contributor.authorSilverman, Rachel A.en
dc.contributor.authorOlson, Scotten
dc.contributor.authorSalyer, Christenen
dc.contributor.authorCassol, Sharonen
dc.contributor.authorFrenkel, Lisa M.en
dc.coverage.countrySouth Africaen
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-13T16:28:24Zen
dc.date.available2022-01-13T16:28:24Zen
dc.date.issued2017-05-15en
dc.date.updated2022-01-13T16:28:22Zen
dc.description.abstractObjectives: We set out to examine the prevalence and persistence of mutations conferring high-level nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRTI)-resistance in a cohort of HIV-infected children who had failed prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT). Design: A prospective observational cohort study at the Pediatric HIV Clinic at Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa. Methods: Children referred for initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) were enrolled from July 2010 through February 2013. HIV drug resistance testing was performed using the oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) on dried blood spots (DBS) collected at enrolment and monthly follow-up visits for 2 years. Results: South African children who failed HIV-prophylaxis had a high prevalence of NNRTI-resistant HIV (46/88; 52%). Among children with NNRTI-resistance, the frequency of the predominant resistant variant in each child's HIV-quasispecies was high (median 96%) at study entry (median age 7.5 months), and in 26 out of 27 followed a median of 13 months persisted at a high frequency (median 89%). Conclusion: Our finding that infants who fail HIV-prophylaxis frequently have long-lived NNRTI-resistant HIV suggests that resistance will likely persist through 36 months of age, when children qualify for NNRTI-based ART. These children may benefit from HIV drug resistance testing to guide selection of their treatment.en
dc.description.versionAccepted versionen
dc.format.extentPages 1143-1148en
dc.format.extent6 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001446en
dc.identifier.eissn1473-5571en
dc.identifier.issn0269-9370en
dc.identifier.issue8en
dc.identifier.orcidSilverman, Rachel [0000-0003-3082-9664]en
dc.identifier.pmid28301421en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/107611en
dc.identifier.volume31en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherLippincott Williams & Wilkinsen
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000401195800011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectImmunologyen
dc.subjectInfectious Diseasesen
dc.subjectVirologyen
dc.subjectChildrenen
dc.subjectHIVen
dc.subjectHIV drug resistanceen
dc.subjectinfantsen
dc.subjectnevirapineen
dc.subjectnon-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitorsen
dc.subjectoligonucleotide ligation assayen
dc.subjecttransmitted resistanceen
dc.subjectSingle-Dose Nevirapineen
dc.subjectAntiretroviral Treatmenten
dc.subjectVertical Transmissionen
dc.subjectInfected Infantsen
dc.subjectBreast-Milken
dc.subjectType-1en
dc.subjectProphylaxisen
dc.subjectVirusen
dc.subject06 Biological Sciencesen
dc.subject11 Medical and Health Sciencesen
dc.subject17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciencesen
dc.subjectVirologyen
dc.subject.meshHumansen
dc.subject.meshHIV Infectionsen
dc.subject.meshNevirapineen
dc.subject.meshAnti-HIV Agentsen
dc.subject.meshMicrobial Sensitivity Testsen
dc.subject.meshPrevalenceen
dc.subject.meshProspective Studiesen
dc.subject.meshDrug Resistance, Viralen
dc.subject.meshChild, Preschoolen
dc.subject.meshInfanten
dc.subject.meshInfant, Newbornen
dc.subject.meshSouth Africaen
dc.subject.meshFemaleen
dc.subject.meshMaleen
dc.subject.meshInfectious Disease Transmission, Verticalen
dc.subject.meshGenotyping Techniquesen
dc.titlePersistence of HIV drug resistance among South African children given nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child-transmissionen
dc.title.serialAIDSen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dc.type.otherJournalen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicineen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Population Health Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Faculty of Health Sciencesen

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