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Injury Biomechanics of the Human Eye During Blunt and Blast Loading

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dc.contributor.authorAlphonse, Vanessa Dawnen
dc.contributor.committeechairDuma, Stefan M.en
dc.contributor.committeememberStitzel, Joel D.en
dc.contributor.committeememberKemper, Andrew R.en
dc.contributor.committeememberVandeVord, Pamela J.en
dc.contributor.departmentBiomedical Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T20:33:11Zen
dc.date.adate2012-05-03en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T20:33:11Zen
dc.date.issued2012-03-26en
dc.date.rdate2012-05-03en
dc.date.sdate2012-04-06en
dc.description.abstractThe research presented in this thesis investigates eye injuries caused by blunt impacts and blast overpressure. This research represents part of an ongoing investigation to accurately quantify and predict eye injuries and injury mechanisms for various loading schemes. It has been shown that blunt trauma can cause severe eye injuries but it remains undecided whether blast overpressure alone can cause eye injury. Presented herein are four experimental studies that quantify eye injuries and implement a technique for predicting injury risk. Isolated porcine or human eyes were subjected to various loading conditions consisting of blunt projectiles, water streams, remote control helicopter blades, and blast overpressure. All eyes were prepared in a similar manner that required the insertion of a miniature pressure sensor into the globe through the optic nerve. This sensor measured intraocular pressure throughout each event. Using previously published injury risk curves, this intraocular pressure data was used to predict the injury risk for four eye injuries: hyphema, lens damage, retinal damage, and globe rupture. Injuries sustained were quantified upon direct inspection of the globe following testing. No serious eye injuries were observed for any of the tests and all tests resulted in low predicted injury risks consistent with the lack of observed injury. The research presented in this thesis provides a robust low injury level dataset for eye injuries. This data could be useful for designing and validating computational models and anthropomorphic test device eyes, and serves as a basis for future work with more dangerous projectiles and higher pressure levels.en
dc.description.degreeMaster of Scienceen
dc.identifier.otheretd-04062012-142936en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04062012-142936/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/31642en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartAlphonse_VD_T_2012.pdfen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjecttraumaen
dc.subjectblasten
dc.subjectblunten
dc.subjectrisken
dc.subjectinjuryen
dc.subjecteyeen
dc.titleInjury Biomechanics of the Human Eye During Blunt and Blast Loadingen
dc.typeThesisen
thesis.degree.disciplineBiomedical Engineeringen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.levelmastersen
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Scienceen

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