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Browsing by Author "Palada, Manuel C."

Now showing 1 - 20 of 26
  • Annual research activity report - TMPEGS INDONESIA: Indigenous vegetables
    Purwoko, Bambang S.; Susila, Anas D.; Syukur, M.; Palada, Manuel C.; Reyes, Manuel R. (Bogor, Indonesia: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), 2008)
    Summary: The objective of this research was to determine the effect of different fertilizers and the effect of plant spacing (population) on growth and yield of several indigenous vegetables. Inorganic fertilization increased yield of beluntas, kenikir and kemangi. Fertilization did not give effect on katuk. Optimum population of katuk is 160,000 plant /ha, while for kemangi, the optimum population could not be determined. It could be increased to more than 200,000 plants/ha. There was no significant effect of plant spacing in kenikir. Three undergraduate students (all women) were involved. Two of them (Mega Ayu Lestari and Ratna Pambayun) graduated in September 2008. However, due to planting problem of terubuk, one of them (Nia Kurniatusholihat) will graduate later in December 2008. TMPEGS Indonesia had a meeting during preparation/proposal presentation at the early fiscal year and result presentation at mid fiscal year. Country coordinator invited researchers to discuss issues across fields. Result of the current research will be used as leaflet development and later be used for extension purpose in the next fiscal year.
  • AVRDC- The World Vegetable Center's research & development on good agricultural practices for safe vegetable production
    Palada, Manuel C. (2006)
    There are rising global challenges with respect to vegetable production:
  • Can vegetables be more productive under tree-based systems?
    Palada, Manuel C. (AVDC, The World Vegetable Center, 2008-06-12)
    Intensive commercial vegetable production under monoculture systems is not sustainable. However, integration of trees compatible with vegetable crops offers potential for enhanced sustainability. Our objective is to integrate trees on intensive vegetable systems or incorporate vegetables into tree-based systems. Specifically, our objective is to evaluate and improve production of commercial and indigenous vegetables under tree-based systems. Assessments and experiments with vegetable agro-forestry systems (VAF) were conducted in the Philippines, Taiwan, Indonesia, and Vietnam using cashew, timber, and fruit trees in combination with commercial and indigenous vegetable species. Farmer perceptions and experiences, light transmission, tree growth, crop growth and yield were collected to determine productivity, adaptability, competition, complementarity, and profitability.
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    Collection and characterization of indigenous vegetables obtained from Bogor and Pandeglang districts
    Laksana, A.; Purwoko, Bambang S.; Syukur, M.; Susila, Anas D.; Palada, Manuel C. (2008)
    Research was conducted to collect and characterize several indigenous vegetable species obtained from Bogor and Pandeglang districts. Differences among accessions and their lineage were also studied. A randomized block design with three replicates was used during planting of each species. Accessions were collected from Nanggung, Parung, Tamansari, Cibinong (Bogor District), and Pandeglang, Mandalawangi, Cadasari, and Cimanuk (Pandeglang District). They consisted of nine kemangi (Ocimum americanum L.) accessions, 11 katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merril) accessions, 10 honje (Etlingera giseke) accessions, and eight kucai (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel) accessions.
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    Collection and characterization of Indonesian indigenous vegetables: Beluntas, kenikir, pegagan, sambung nyawa, and terubuk
    Hermanto, D.; Purwoko, Bambang S.; Syukur, M.; Susila, Anas D.; Palada, Manuel C.; Reyes, Manuel R. (Bogor, Indonesia: Bogor Agricultural University, 2008)
    The Indonesian indigenous vegetables, beluntas (Pluchea indica), kenikir (Cosmos caudatus), pegagan (Centella asiatica), sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens) and terubuk (Saccharum edule) were collected and characterized. The results are shown in the poster.
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    Drip irrigation: Will it increase yield in traditional vegetable production system?
    Susila, Anas D.; Kartika, Juang Gema; Prasetyo, Tisna P.; Palada, Manuel C. (2008)
    In the rain-fed production system area, vegetables normally can be grown in wet season (> 200 mm/month) between December and April. During dry season (
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    Environmental friendliness fertilizer recommendation: Phosphorous calibration for yard long bean production in ultisol
    Susila, Anas D.; Kartika, Juang Gema; Prasetyo, Tisna P.; Palada, Manuel C. (2008)
    The basic purpose of soil fertility evaluation is to provide information on the nutrient status of the soil and predict the relative response to added nutrient. The Crop Nutrient Requirement (CNR) values are those amounts of nutrients needed to produce optimum, economic yields from a fertilization standpoint. It is important to remember that these nutrient amounts are supplied to the crop from both soil and fertilizer. The amounts are applied as fertilizer only when a properly calibrated soil test indicates very small extractable amounts of these nutrients to be present in the soil.
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    Establishing vegetable agroforestry system research at AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center
    Palada, Manuel C.; Wu, D.; Luther, Gregory C. (Tainan, Taiwan: World Vegetable Center (AVRDC), 2008)
    Tree-crop interactions in agroforestry systems involving vegetable crops have not been studied extensively, for previous research in agroforestry focused on agronomic arable field crops. A vegetable agroforestry system was established at the World Vegetable Center (AVRDC) to study tree-crop interactions in alley cropping vegetables with tropical fruit trees in terms of competition and/or complementarity; to investigate the influence of tree crops on natural habitat and insect pest population in vegetable alley cropping systems; and to evaluate total productivity and economic return from high-value horticultural crops in an agroforestry system. In December 2005, seedlings of 12 tropical fruit tree species were planted: Anona reticulata, Artocarpus heterohyllus, Chrysophyllum caimito, Coffea arabica, Eugenia brasiliensis, Eugenia uniflora, Pouteria caimito, Pouteria campechiana, Psydium littorale, Rollinia mucosa, Syzygium samarangense and Tamarindus indica. The trees were on raised beds 50 cm high and 1 m wide with hedgerow spacing of 8.0 m. Tree spacing within beds varied from 1.5 to 3.0 m. Vegetable crops were sequentially grown in alley beds between tree hedgerows starting in October 2006, 10 months after tree establishment, until April 2007. Three sources of organic fertilizer (compost) were compared and evaluated for effects on growth and yield of vegetable crops. The trial used a randomized complete block design with four replications.
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    Establishing vegetable agroforestry system research at the World Vegetable Center
    Palada, Manuel C.; Wu, D. L.; Luther, Gregory C.; Bhattarai, M.; Mercado, Agustin R. Jr.; Reyes, Manuel R. (Shanhua, Taiwan: AVRDC, The World Vegetable Center, 2009)
    Fruits and vegetables provide food and increase incomes for small-scale farmers in the tropics. These high-value crops are also important components of home garden agroforestry systems; they contribute to biological stability, enhance crop diversity, conserve soil properties and increase total productivity. Although the benefits of integrating high-value crops into agroforestry systems have been recognized, few studies have been done to quantify and describe tree-crop interactions. A vegetable agroforestry system (VAF) research was initiated at the World Vegetable Center to study the relationships between fruit trees and vegetable crops in terms of competition and complimentation.
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    Fertilizer Recommendation: Correlation and Calibration Study of Soil P Test for Yard Long Bean (Vigna unguilata L) on Ultisols in Nanggung-Bogor
    Susila, Anas D.; Kartika, Juang Gema; Prasetyo, Tisna P.; Palada, Manuel C. (2010)
    Proper fertilization of a crop is knowing the crop nutrient requirement for production of maximum yield and the potential level of nutrient availability from the soil. In addition to yield obtained, quality of the commodity is an important factor of profit and shelf-life for high-value crops. Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium availability are the most limiting factors for maximum growth and yield. Yard Long Bean (Vigna unguilata L.) were grown to evaluate optimum rate of N, P, and K fertilizer in Ultisol Jasinga soil with low pH (5.5), low C-Organic (1.54%), very low N-total (0.12 %), low K content (0.29 me/100 g), but very high soil P2O5 concentration (19.2 ppm) to evaluate the best crop management practices with starter solution.
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    Findings and challenges: Can vegetables be productive under tree shade management in West Java?
    Manurung, Gerhard; Susila, Anas D.; Roshetko, James M.; Palada, Manuel C. (Blacksburg, VA: Office of International Research, Education, and Development, Virginia Tech, 2008)
    Farmers in Nanggung, West Java traditionally cultivate vegetables under full sunlight. There is opportunity to expand vegetable production in the understory of agroforestry system, but farmers have limited experience with such practices. An on-farm trial was implemented to evaluate the production of 11 commercial vegetable species under three levels of tree shading in a nested design, replicated 3 times. The species included in the trial were honje (Etlingera elatior), terubuk (Saccharum edule), katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merrill), kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth), kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal), amaranth (Amaranthus sp.), chili (Capsicum annuum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), long bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller). Twenty-five independent variables were analyzed for their effect on vegetable survival, growth and yield. Average light levels for each treatment were 482-540 *1000 lux (open area, control), 43-540 *1000 lux (medium light) and 32-174 *1000 lux (low light). Preliminary results indicate that vegetable production under dudukuhan (agroforestry) systems shade is a viable option for smallholder farmers, however more intensive species-specific and site-specific management is required. A program of training and extension support would help smallholders develop such deliberate management practices.
  • IDE low-cost drip irrigation for vegetable production: A farmer's guide
    Palada, Manuel C. (Taiwan: AVRDC- The World Vegetable Center, 2007)
    This presentation focused on the International Development Enterprise low cost drip kits and its application on vegetable production.
  • Low-cost drip irrigation systems for smallholder vegetable farmers: Technology transfer- Cambodia
    Palada, Manuel C. (Taiwan: AVRDC- The World Vegetable Center, 2007)
    The presentation shows the International Development Enterprises' low cost drip irrigation system with an application in Cambodia.
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    Optimum fertilizer rate for kangkong (Ipomoea reptans L.) production in ultisol Jasinga
    Susila, Anas D.; Prasetyo, Tisna P.; Palada, Manuel C. (2008)
    Proper fertilization of a crop is knowing the crop nutrient requirement for production of maximum yield and the potential level of nutrient availability from the soil. In addition to yield obtained, quality of the commodity is an important factor of profit and shelf-life for high-value crops. Nitrogen, phosphor, and potassium availability are the most limiting factors for maximum growth and yield. Kangkong (Ipomoea reptans L.) are important traditional leafy vegetables crops cultivated in Indonesia. Kangkong (Ipomoea reptans L.) were grown to evaluate optimum rate of N, P, and K fertilizer in Ultisol Jasinga soil with low pH (5.5), low C-Organic (1.54%), very low N-total (0.12 %), low K content (0.29 me/100 g), but very high soil P2O5 concentration (19.2 ppm), to evaluate the best crop management practices with starter solution.
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    Phosphor rate for vegetable grown in the ultisol: Nanggung, Bogor, Indonesia
    Susila, Anas D.; Kartika, Juang Gema; Palada, Manuel C. (Blacksburg, VA: Office of International Research, Education, and Development, Virginia Tech, 2008)
    Amaranth (Amaranthus sp), Kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica L), Eggplant (Solanum melongena L), Chili (Capsicum annuum L), Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), Green Bean (Pahaseolus vulgaris L), and Yard Long Bean (Vigna unguilata L) were grown on Ultisol Nanggung soil with low pH (5.2), low C-Organic (1.70%), very low N-total (0.21 %), low K content (0.33 me/100 g), but high soil P2O5 concentration (10.8 ppm) to optimize P rate application. Treatments were P rate : 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg P2O5ha-1 or equal to 0, 125, 250, 375 and 500 kg SP36 (36% P2O5) ha-1. Treatments were arranged in Randomized Completely Block design with three replications. In the level of soil P concentration of 10.8 ppm (Bray-1) of Ultisol, application of P fertilizer up 180 kg P2O5 ha-1 increased linearly plant height of kangkung, eggplant, chili, tomato, yard long bean and green bean and increased linearly yield of amaranth, kangkung, eggplant, chili, tomato and green bean. To achieve optimum P fertilizer rate, the range of P rate application needs to be increased.
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    Progress report: Agroforestry and sustainable vegetable production in Southeast Asian watersheds
    Reyes, Manuel R. (2008)
    Work on vegetable-agroforestry compatibility is advancing rapidly with new findings that
  • Semi-annual report: Vegetable agroforestry - Technology
    Mercado, Agustin R. Jr.; Duque, Caroline; Palada, Manuel C.; Reyes, Manuel R. (Greensboro, NC: North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 2009)
    The second round of experiment on the Effect of Cover Crop (Arachis pintoi) and Drip Irrigation on 5 Commercial Vegetables was conducted in February 2009. These 5 commercial vegetables were: Chinese cabbage, Cabbage, Carrots, Bell pepper and Tomato. Seedlings of tree vegetables which were chosen by the women during the Farmers' Field Day in 2007 were given last November 2008. These tree vegetables were planted by these women on their respective farms. Meeting with demands on sharing the results of VAF research, brochures in English and Visayan languages were developed. These brochures were pre-tested before publication to various men and women group. Two papers were also written for peer reviewed journal publication. These papers are now under review. Sharing VAF research results were also conducted in various groups and locations. These activities were done both in proactive and reactive approach.
  • Semi-annual reports: AVDRC organic farm
    Palada, Manuel C.; Luther, Gregory C.; Javier, E. C.; Srinivasan, R.; Engle, Liwayway M. (Greensboro, NC: North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 2009)
    Executive Summary: Final field evaluation of vegetable species and varieties under agroforestry system continued at AVRDC Organic Farm. Five vegetables (Chinese cabbage, cucumber, eggplant, sweet pepper and tomato) were grown during the fall-winter season (October to December 2008) and winter-spring (January to March 2009) season. Vegetables were grown between tree hedgerows (alleys) and in control plots (no trees). Organic fertilizers (compost) were superimposed as sub-treatments. Varieties within vegetable species were compared in terms of growth and yield performance. Results from fall-winter cropping season have been summarized and presented in this report. The winter-spring trial is in progress and will be completed in April 2009.
  • Vegetable agroforestry - technology: Annual report
    Palada, Manuel C. (Tainan, Taiwan: World Vegetable Center (AVDRC), 2008)
    In Taiwan, field evaluation of vegetable species and varieties under Agroforestry system continued at AVRDC Organic Farm. Six vegetables (cauliflower, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, sweet corn and yard long bean) were grown during the fall-winter season (October to December 2007) and winter-spring (January to March 2008) season. Vegetables were grown between tree hedgerows (alleys) and in control plots (no trees). Organic fertilizers (compost) were superimposed as sub-treatments. Varieties within vegetable species were compared in terms of growth and yield performance. Results indicated that yield response of vegetables to organic fertilizer application varied according to species and the type and combination of organic fertilizer applied.
  • Vegetable Agroforestry and Cashew-Cacao Systems in Vietnam
    Thanh Ha, D.; Van Du, Le; Thanh Loan, L.; Loi, N. Kim; Duc Thanh, N.; Duc Phuoc, P. H.; Midmore, David J.; Catacutan, D.; Palada, Manuel C.; Reyes, M.; Cajilig, R.; Kunta, K.; Sombatpanit, Samran (Bangkok, Thailand: World Association of Soil and Water Conservation (WASWAC), 2011)
    This book is part of a four-book series that details the research conducted by the Nong Lam University research team concerning the addition of cacao to cashew farming systems in Vietnam. Eight cacao varieties were tested on farmer-owned cashew plantations and had promising results that showed that cacao grew exceptionally well under the cashew canopy, and will be profitable to farmers. These ecologically-sound, integrated vegetable agroforestry systems were developed in order to increase farm production and income, thus stabilizing the supply of products for markets and improving food security.