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- 30 Years – 20 State DOTs: Trends in Pavement Management observed through real world Implementation at the State DOT LevelZavitski, Jeffrey L.; Piane, Robert R. (2013-06-04)Since the first International Conference on Managing Pavement Assets 30 years ago in 1985, there has been continuous enhancement and evolution of pavement management system (PMS) technology to produce more effective recommendations coming out of an agency's PMS. Improvements in data collection, performance measures, deterioration modeling, dynamic segmentation, treatment algorithms, triggering mechanisms and optimization technologies have led to significant improvements in PMS strategy recommendations as well as the acceptance of those recommendations in both centralized and de-centralized State Departments of Transportation (DOT). Significant efforts have also been invested in methodologies and technologies to integrate PMS into an overall asset management system (AMS) at the State DOT level utilizing cross asset optimization technologies. This paper will examine the evolution of pavement management from the desktop environment to today's enterprise pavement management systems within 20 State DOTs that use a common software platform and present significant changes in pavement management methodologies that lead to increased use and acceptance of the PMS recommendations and adoption within the agency. It will also examine current trends that will impact the systems of tomorrow including integration with other decision making tools, capturing field data, and alternative approaches to optimization.
- 3D Mapping of Pavements: Geometry and DTMLaurent, John (2014-09)
- 3D Pavement Surface Macrotexture: Measurements And Friction RelationshipsShalaby, Ahmed; El Gendy, Amin (2012)Pavement macrotexture is typically reported as mean profile depth over a standard base length. Recently, a new measurement method based on photometric stereo system was introduced. The method requires a minimum of three images of the surface that are illuminated from different directions and isolated from ambient lighting. The variation in intensity of the lighting is used to recover the 3D pavement surface. This paper discusses applications of the photometric stereo system as a new non-contact texture measurement method. The 3D pavement surface is analyzed in space and frequency domains. In frequency domain, the power spectrum energy which reflects the wavelength content of the surface model is introduced as an indicator of surface evenness. The relationship between friction and the 3D texture indicators is examined. The research shows that the texture indicators computed from the recovered surface provide new substantial information on the quality and condition of the riding surface.
- 9th International Conference on Managing Pavement AssetsVirginia Tech Transportation Institute (2015-05)This conference program lists the events that took place during the 9th International Conference on Managing Pavement Assets (ICMPA9), which was held from May 18-21, 2015 in Alexandria, VA. The conference brought together pavement design and management engineers, companies specialized in providing pavement management services and data collection, researchers and specialists on asset/pavement management, general pavement/road engineers, planners dealing with the development of public works programs, and academics specializing in pavement design, analysis and management. The conference aimed to define the requirements for the "next generation" of pavement management tools need and to that effect it builds upon the following theme: "moving pavement management beyond the short-term: embracing innovation and addressing sustainability, accountability, and improved performance." ICMPA9 was organized by the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, the Federal Highway Administration, the Virginia Department of Transportation, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), the Transportation Research Board, and the World Road Association.
- About The Reproducibility Of Texture Profiles And The Problem Of SpikesGoubert, Luc; Bergiers, Anneleen (2012)The ISO working group ISO/TC43/SC1/WG39 has recently been worrying about the quality of texture profiles, measured with laser profilometers. It appears that the quality has not improved in recent years, rather on the contrary: in spite of the technological progress it appears to decrease! The WG is especially concerned of the presence of invalid positive spikes in some profiles which might dramatically affect the Mean Profile Depths (MPD) [1] and to some extent the texture spectra calculated with those spectra, if one does not properly deal with these erroneous measurement points prior to calculating the MPD or spectrum. In this paper the results of an international round robin test with static laser profilometer devices on two epoxy moulds of dense asphalt concrete road surfaces are shown, indicating the reproducibility of this kind of devices for the wavelength range from 2,5 mm up to 125 mm. A new procedure to deal with the spike problem is presented. The aim is to remove the spikes without affecting significantly the valid part of the spectra. The effect on MPD and spectra will be shown for some typical cases. The method, based on the detection of steep jumps in the profile, appears to work.
- About The Rolling Resistance Trailer And Parameters Influencing Rolling ResistanceBergiers, Anneleen; Goubert, Luc; Vuye, Cedric (2012)The issue of global warming by an excessive amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is a hot topic and the consequences for man and environment become more and more clear. Road transportation plays a significant role in CO2 emission and unlike other sectors, its emission has even increased the last years. To stop this trend, different measures may be taken: e.g. tackling traffic congestion, lowering the consumption of the vehicles… Many other parameters influence CO2 emission by transportation: e.g. tyre, vehicle and road characteristics… In this paper the influence of the road surface is investigated with a “quarter-car” trailer, suitable to measure rolling resistance with a car tyre on different road surface types. Texture measurements with a laser profilometer are performed to examine the correlation between rolling resistance and texture. The impacts of different parameters are investigated: repeatability over short and long time, speed, wind, tyre inflation pressure, tyre load, tyre type … Some rough coast down measurements are performed to compare with the trailer method. By gaining more knowledge about this topic, more environmental friendly and sustainable road infrastructure may be developed and implemented. This is expected to be an important tool for policy makers in their fight against CO2 emission.
- Accelerated Testing and Instrumentation: A Canadian Case StudyTighe, Susan L. (2015-06-04)The primary objective of this paper is to describe how the CPATT Test Track is used to advance Canadian pavement engineering practices through the investigation of the impact of axle loads and environment on flexible and rigid pavement structures. It also discusses how the Track is used as an educational tool for both undergraduate and graduate students. Since construction, over 1,000 undergraduate and graduates have not only visited the Test Track, but have used the data from the Test Track for course assignments and other research. It has been a valuable and strategic asset for both research and education.
- Achieving High Correlations of Inertial Profilers with Reference Profilers at the Smart Roadde León Izeppi, Edgar; Toom, Paul (2014-09-16)
- Addressing Uncertainties of Performance Modelling with Stochastic Information Packages – Incorporating Uncertainty in Performance and Budget ForecastsKadar, Peter; Martin, Tim; Baran, Michelle; Sen, Ranita (2015-05-19)A large volume of data is collected world-wide to feed pavement management systems (PMS). The data is typically condensed to characterize pavement sections or smaller sub-networks by using statistical measures mostly averages. In this process valuable information is lost, thus increasing the likelihood of providing inaccurate or in some cases misleading answers. The pitfalls of using averages can be avoided by utilizing the full data set and treating each data set as an entity or stochastic information packet (SIP). Modeling with SIPs means that the input as well the output of the modeling is a distribution as opposed to the singular outcome of deterministic models. The resulting distribution allows determination of the probability of the outcome besides its predicted value. Budget and condition forecasts therefore may include not only the future condition and budget requirements, but their reliability and consequently the level of associated risks. Managing agencies and contractors may choose the budget scenario best reflecting their level of risk acceptance or tolerance. Modeling with SIPs builds on deterministic models by expanding their outcomes into full distributions. Working with arrays (SIPs) requires using a novel approach that is described and illustrated in the paper.
- Advanced Automated Detection Analysis and Classification of Cracks in PavementScott, Dennis (2014-09)
- Advancing Pavement Surface Evaluation to Support Engineering and Investment DecisionsDaleiden, Jerome; Burchett, Thomas; Mergenmeier, Andy (2015-05-01)The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO's) Pavement Rutting and Cracking Quantification Expert Task Group (ETG) was formed in 2006 with Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) funding to provide program guidance and assistance in development and enhancement of standards for pavement rutting and asphalt pavement surface cracking. The ETG was formed with subject matter experts to represent AASHTO, FHWA, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Committee E-17 on Vehicle-Pavement Systems, Transportation Research Board (TRB), the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Program, academia, and industry. Revised data collection and analysis protocols have been produced and evaluations are being initiated to identify how best to continue the development process.
- Advancing Pavement Surface Evaluation to Support Engineering and Investment DecisionsDaleiden, Jerome (2014-09)
- Analysis of Driver Behavioral Adaptation to the Lateral Drift Warning SystemGreenstein, A. (2014-08-27)
- Analysis of the Evolution of Flexible Pavement Condition Based on LTPP SPS-5 SectionsAzevedo, Joana; Capitão, Silvino; Rasteiro, Deolinda; Picado-Santos, Luís (2015-06-04)The American LTPP program has one of the greatest amounts of stored information regarding pavement characteristics and the evolution of their condition on a network. This is a valuable tool to support decision-making in what concerns maintenance and rehabilitation of pavements carried out by highway infrastructure agencies. This paper presents a study carried out to analyze the evolution of pavement conditions of several SPS-5 test sections, which were included in pavement rehabilitation studies. The evaluation considers approximately 15 years of data records, in California, Texas and Mississippi. In what concerns the development of pavement distresses, the evolution of longitudinal cracking, transverse cracking, and fatigue cracking (alligator cracking), International Roughness Index (IRI) and rut depth were analyzed. The evolution of pavement conditions represented by indicators related to the analyzed pathologies was considered as a function of several variables linked to rehabilitation techniques, such as preparation of the working surface (milling before construction of a new layer), thickness of overlay (50 or 125 mm) and the type of mixture applied (a new mixture or a mixture incorporating about 30% of recycled material). For the situations in which data were consistent and in sufficient quantity, multivariate regression analysis are presented in order to predict the evolution of pavement conditions with time, taking into account a set of explanatory variables related to the rehabilitation techniques applied and the traffic on pavements. The aggregate analysis of data for each state allowed us to conclude that preparation of the surface by milling, increasing thickness of overlay and the use of new mixtures or recycled asphalt interfere with the evolution of degradation. The influence of these factors varies for different types of pathologies under analysis.
- Assessing the Impacts of Pavement Surface Condition on the Performance of Signalized IntersectionsHussein, Nasreen A.; Hassan, Rayya A.; Evans, Robert (2015-06-04)Signalized intersections are one of the most dangerous places on the road network as they carry a very high crash risk. This may be exacerbated by inadequate pavement surface condition. The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of pavement surface condition (in terms of skid resistance, roughness and rutting) at intersections and approaches on users' safety. In particular, this paper studied the change in crash frequency for numerous signalized intersections before and after surface treatment. Around one hundred sites were selected based on historical crash incident data and pavement maintenance records. Pavement condition data was extracted for these sites one year before and one year after surface treatment. For all sites, a minimum of three years crash data was used before and after treatment. Reported in this paper are the findings of an assessment of the changes in crash rates, types and severity due to surface treatment. Overall, assessment of the effect of surface treatment revealed a statistically significant reduction in crash rates of 0.49 at 95% confidence level with a p value of 0.006, based on a paired t-test. Negative binomial regression analysis was performed using pavement condition data, traffic volume and speed limit as the predictor variables of crash frequency. The results showed that both traffic volume and the interaction between traffic volume and skid resistance were significant contributors to the crash occurrence. However, for after treatment no independent variable had a significant contribution to the crash occurrence.
- Assessment Of Polishing Behaviour Of Sand Using The Test Device According To Wehner/SchulzeHofko, Bernhard; Kirchmaier, Lukas; Blab, Ronald; Mader, Matthias (2012)To ensure the safety of road users during driving maneuvers an adequate skid resistance level of the wearing courses is required. Skid resistance of dense road surface layers besides the texture profile also depends on the polishing resistance of both coarse and fine aggregates. In the European standards so far requirements concerning the polishing behaviour of mineral aggregates are given merely with regard to the PSV (Polished Stone Value), tested on stone chippings 8/11 mm. No specific specifications are set for the sand fraction 0/2 mm. This paper details a new Austrian evaluation background for the polishing resistance of sand using a Wehner/Schulze testing device of the latest design. It will be showed that the polishing resistance between coarse and fine aggregates differs, thus separate requirements for different particle sizes are necessary because only the combination of highly polishing resistant sand and gravel enables a sustainable skid resistance of road surface layers. Furthermore the reproducibility and the comparability of sand polishing values determined by an accuracy experiment will be presented. Within the accuracy experiment different parameters, which may affect the test result, were investigated. Based on the evaluation background and the results from the accuracy experiment requirements concerning the sand polishing resistance were set for highly stressed wearing courses in the Austrian standards. This new requirement for wearing courses will lead to a better durability in terms of skid resistance and therefore to reduced maintenance costs.
- Assessment of Psychophysiological Characteristics of Drivers Using Heart Rate from SHRP2 Face Video DataSarkar, Abhijit; Doerzaph, Zachary R.; Abbott, A. Lynn (2014-08-25)The goal is to
- Extract heart rate from face video
- Understand the behavior of driver, e.g. cognitive load, panic attack, drowsiness, DUI
- Develop automatic video reduction technique
- Devise a tool for future
- The Australian 3D Roughness ExperienceWix, Richard; Barlow, Simon (2015-06-04)Most road agencies are willing to take advantage of new developments in automated data capture if it helps them to better manage their road networks. However, the acceptance process for new technologies can be a long and arduous task for service providers and equipment vendors with ultimate success often depending on how well the equipment can reproduce historical data or whether they meet existing test methods or standards. Road agencies in Australia are only just beginning to utilize 3D1 systems for monitoring their road network surveys and up until now they have been predominantly used for crack measurement. However, these systems are also capable of measuring a variety of other pavement condition indicators, one of which is road roughness. This paper investigates whether the roughness measurements made by a 3D system can meet the current requirements specified in the Australian test methods for measuring pavement roughness.