Systematics of bond length and radii variations in flouride and silicate molecules and crystals

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dc.contributor.authorNicoll, Jeffrey Scotten
dc.contributor.departmentGeological Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T21:42:12Zen
dc.date.adate2009-08-04en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T21:42:12Zen
dc.date.issued1993en
dc.date.rdate2009-08-04en
dc.date.sdate2009-08-04en
dc.description.abstractFatigue and electrical degradation including low voltage breakdown of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate Pb(Zr<sub>x</sub>Ti<sub>1 - x</sub>)O₃ (i.e. PZT) thin films are the major limitations for commercial memory applications of these films. It is noted that the presence of oxygen vacancies and their entrapment at the electrode-ferroelectric interfaces are the sources of the degradation phenomena. Attempts were made in this study to solve these problems: 1) by minimizing oxygen vacancy entrapment at the interfaces by employing RuO₂ electrodes; 2) by lowering the oxygen vacancy concentration in PZT films using donor doping (e.g. La³⁺ at Pb²⁺ site and Nb⁵⁺ at Ti/Zr⁴⁺ site). For this study, PZT thin films were prepared by a sol-gel method and deposited on both Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si and RuO₂/SiO₂/Si substrates. The microstructure and electrical properties, such as hysteresis properties, fatigue, leakage current, time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) and retention, were studied with regard to the Zr/Ti ratio, the excess lead, the annealing temperature, the electrode material and the doping amount. Furthermore, the pyrochlore to perovskite phase transformation of PZT on RuO₂ electrodes was also investigated. It was shown that PZT films (Zr/Ti=50/50) with 10 at.% excess lead annealed at 650°C for 30 min possessed the best electrical properties for ferroelectric memory application. In confirmation with earlier theoretical and experimental results, no polarization loss was observed up to 10¹¹ switching cycles for the PZT films deposited on RuO₂ electrodes. However, the low Schottky barrier at the interfaces between RuO₂ and PZT films resulted in a higher leakage current at a high electric fields. Donor doping of PZT films decreased carrier concentrations in PZT films, and thus, decreased the leakage current to acceptable limits. In addition, it was also noted that the pyrochlore to perovskite phase transformation of PZT on RuO₂ was similar to that of PZT on Pt electrodes. It can be concluded that the combination of RuO₂ electrodes and donor doping produced PZT films with high fatigue endurance and low leakage currents which are suitable for memory applications.en
dc.description.degreeMaster of Scienceen
dc.format.extentviii, 58 leavesen
dc.format.mediumBTDen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.otheretd-08042009-040412en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08042009-040412/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/44163en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartLD5655.V855_1993.N526.pdfen
dc.relation.isformatofOCLC# 29040686en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subject.lccLD5655.V855 1993.N526en
dc.subject.lcshFluoridesen
dc.subject.lcshMolecular orbitalsen
dc.subject.lcshSilicate fibersen
dc.titleSystematics of bond length and radii variations in flouride and silicate molecules and crystalsen
dc.typeThesisen
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
thesis.degree.disciplineGeological Sciencesen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.levelmastersen
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Scienceen

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