Can levamisole upregulate the equine cell-mediated macrophage (M1) dendritic cell (DC1) T-helper 1 (CD4 Th1) T-cytotoxic (CD8) immune response in vitro?

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dc.contributor.authorWitonsky, Sharon G.en
dc.contributor.authorBuechner-Maxwell, Virginia A.en
dc.contributor.authorSantonastasto, Amyen
dc.contributor.authorPleasant, R. Scotten
dc.contributor.authorWerre, Stephen R.en
dc.contributor.authorWagner, Bettinaen
dc.contributor.authorEllison, Siobhanen
dc.contributor.authorLindsay, David S.en
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-15T12:28:45Zen
dc.date.available2021-10-15T12:28:45Zen
dc.date.issued2019-03-01en
dc.date.updated2021-10-15T12:28:42Zen
dc.description.abstractBackground: Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a common and devastating neurologic disease of horses in the United States. Because some EPM-affected horses have decreased immune responses, immunomodulators such as levamisole have been proposed as supplemental treatments. However, little is known about levamisole's effects or its mechanism of action in horses. Objective: Levamisole in combination with another mitogen will stimulate a macrophage 1 (M1), dendritic cell 1 (DC1), T-helper 1 (CD4 Th1), and T-cytotoxic (CD8) immune response in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro as compared to mitogen alone. Animals: Ten neurologically normal adult horses serologically negative for Sarcocystis neurona. Methods: Prospective study. Optimal conditions for levamisole were determined based on cellular proliferation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were then cultured using optimal conditions of mitogen and levamisole to identify the immune phenotype, based on subset-specific activation markers, intracellular cytokine production, and cytokine concentrations in cell supernatants. Subset-specific proliferation was determined using a vital stain. Results: Concanavalin A (conA) with levamisole, but not levamisole alone, resulted in a significant decrease (P <.05) in PBMC proliferation compared to conA alone. Levamisole alone did not elicit a specific immune phenotype different than that induced by conA. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Levamisole co-cultured with conA significantly attenuated the PBMC proliferative response as compared with conA. If the mechanisms by which levamisole modulates the immune phenotype can be further defined, levamisole may have potential use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extentPages 889-896en
dc.format.extent8 page(s)en
dc.format.mediumPrint-Electronicen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15404en
dc.identifier.eissn1939-1676en
dc.identifier.issn0891-6640en
dc.identifier.issue2en
dc.identifier.orcidWitonsky, Sharon [0000-0001-5537-0947]en
dc.identifier.orcidWerre, Stephen [0000-0003-1638-6705]en
dc.identifier.pmid30693587en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/105393en
dc.identifier.volume33en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherWileyen
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000463838000067&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/en
dc.subjectScience & Technologyen
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicineen
dc.subjectVeterinary Sciencesen
dc.subjectEPMen
dc.subjectimmunomodulatorsen
dc.subjectimmunologyen
dc.subjectSARCOCYSTIS-NEURONAen
dc.subjectIMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIONen
dc.subjectHORSESen
dc.subjectINFECTIONen
dc.subjectMICEen
dc.subjectEPMen
dc.subject0707 Veterinary Sciencesen
dc.subject.meshLeukocytes, Mononuclearen
dc.subject.meshCells, Cultureden
dc.subject.meshAnimalsen
dc.subject.meshHorsesen
dc.subject.meshLevamisoleen
dc.subject.meshConcanavalin Aen
dc.subject.meshMitogensen
dc.subject.meshAdjuvants, Immunologicen
dc.subject.meshProspective Studiesen
dc.subject.meshUp-Regulationen
dc.subject.meshFemaleen
dc.subject.meshMaleen
dc.titleCan levamisole upregulate the equine cell-mediated macrophage (M1) dendritic cell (DC1) T-helper 1 (CD4 Th1) T-cytotoxic (CD8) immune response in vitro?en
dc.title.serialJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicineen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dc.type.otherJournalen
dcterms.dateAccepted2018-11-30en
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicineen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Large Animal Clinical Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Population Health Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/CVM T&R Facultyen

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