Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite effectively deactivates bacteria in wastewater

dc.contributor.authorQin, Chaoen
dc.contributor.authorChen, Chaoqien
dc.contributor.authorShang, Chaoen
dc.contributor.authorXia, Kangen
dc.contributor.departmentSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-16T14:13:25Zen
dc.date.available2018-01-16T14:13:25Zen
dc.date.issued2018en
dc.description.abstractExisting water disinfection practices often produce harmful disinfection byproducts. The antibacterial activity of Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite was investigated mechanistically using municipal wastewater effluents. Bacterial deactivation efficiency (bacteria viability loss) was 92 ± 0.64% when a secondary wastewater effluent was mixed with Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite for 30 min, and further enhanced to 97 ± 0.61% after 4 h. This deactivation efficiency was similar to that when the same effluent was UV-disinfected before it exited a wastewater treatment plant. Comparing to the secondary wastewater effluent, the bacteria deactivation efficiency was lower when the primary wastewater effluent was exposed to the same dose of Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite, reaching 29 ± 18% at 30 min and 76 ± 1.7% at 4 h. Higher than 90% bacterial deactivation efficiency was achieved when the ratio between wastewater bacteria population and weight of Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite was at < 2 × 103 CFU/mg. Furthermore, 99.6–99.9% of total coliforms, E. coli, and enterococci in a secondary wastewater effluent was deactivated when the water was exposed to Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite for 1 h. Bacterial colony count results coupled with the live/dead fluorescent staining assay observation suggested that Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite deactivated bacteria in wastewater through two possible stages: electrostatic sorption of bacterial cells to the surfaces of Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite, followed by bacterial deactivation due to mineral surface-catalyzed bacterial cell membrane disruption by the surface sorbed Fe3 +. Freeze-drying the recycled Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite after each usage resulted in 82 ± 0.51% bacterial deactivation efficiency even after its fourth consecutive use. This study demonstrated the promising potential of Fe3 +-saturated montmorillonite to be used in applications from small scale point-of-use drinking water treatment devices to large scale drinking and wastewater treatment facilities.en
dc.description.notesfalse (Extension publication?)en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extent88 - 95 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.302en
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/81796en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.titleFe3 +-saturated montmorillonite effectively deactivates bacteria in wastewateren
dc.title.serialScience of the Total Environmenten
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dcterms.dateAccepted2017-11-27en
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/Crop & Soil Environmental Scienceen

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