Pedogenic Carbonates and Radiocarbon Isotopes of Organic Carbon at Depth in the Russian Chernozem

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dc.contributor.authorMikhailova, Elena A.en
dc.contributor.authorBryant, Ray B.en
dc.contributor.authorGalbraith, John M.en
dc.contributor.authorWang,Yangen
dc.contributor.authorPost, Christopher J.en
dc.contributor.authorKhokhlova, Olga S.en
dc.contributor.authorSchlautman, Mark A.en
dc.contributor.authorCope, Michael P.en
dc.contributor.authorShen, Zhixiongen
dc.contributor.departmentSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-02T22:35:59Zen
dc.date.available2019-01-02T22:35:59Zen
dc.date.issued2018-12-05en
dc.date.updated2019-01-02T22:35:57Zen
dc.description.abstractConversion of native grasslands to agricultural sites has resulted in remarkable changes in soil carbon at depth, but its impact on soil diagnostic horizons is unknown. This study was conducted to radiocarbon date the soil organic carbon (SOC) and quantify pedogenic carbonates in the Russian Chernozem at depth at three sites: a native grassland field (not cultivated for at least 300 years), an adjacent 50-year continuous fallow field in the V.V. Alekhin Central-Chernozem Biosphere State Reserve in the Kursk region of Russia (UNESCO&mdash;MAB Biosphere Reserve), and a cropland in the Experimental Station of the Kursk Institute of Agronomy and Soil Erosion Control. All sampled soils were classified as Fine-silty, mixed, frigid Pachic Hapludolls (Haplic Chernozem). The radiocarbon age (<sup>14</sup>C date, y BP) of SOC was highly variable: in the native grassland field, it varied from post-bomb (A-horizon) to 8011 &plusmn; 54 y BP (C-horizon); in the continuous fallow, it varied from 1569 &plusmn; 41 y BP (Ap-horizon) to 11,380 &plusmn; 180 y BP (C1-horizon); and in the cropland, it varied from 1055 &plusmn; 38 y BP (Ap-horizon) to 11,805 &plusmn; 68 y BP (Ck-horizon). Cultivation resulted in morphological/diagnostic changes in the soil profile (conversion of A to Ap; conversion of Bw to Bk horizon) over a 50-year period. These changes are supported by radiocarbon dating of SOC and pedogenic carbonate distribution within the soil profile. The proportion of pedogenic carbonates was highly variable: in the native grassland, it was 27% (C-horizon); in the continuous fallow, it varied from 53% (Bk1-horizon) to 72% (C2-horizon); and in the cropland, it varied from 85% (A-horizon) to 10% (Ck-horizon). The radiocarbon age differences with depth among the soils reflect changes in the soil carbon dynamics resulting from cultivation.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extentPages 458-458en
dc.format.extent16 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8120458en
dc.identifier.issue12en
dc.identifier.orcidGalbraith, John [0000-0003-4097-366X]en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/86577en
dc.identifier.volume8en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectanthropogenicen
dc.subjectcarbonatesen
dc.subjectcultivationen
dc.subject14Cen
dc.subjectgrasslanden
dc.subjectisotopesen
dc.subjectpedogenicen
dc.titlePedogenic Carbonates and Radiocarbon Isotopes of Organic Carbon at Depth in the Russian Chernozemen
dc.title.serialGeosciencesen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dcterms.dateAccepted2018-11-28en
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/CALS T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/School of Plant and Environmental Sciencesen

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