Distribution of Theileria orientalis in Virginia Market Cattle, 2018-2020

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dc.contributor.authorTelionis, Alexen
dc.contributor.authorLahmers, Kevin K.en
dc.contributor.authorTodd, Michelleen
dc.contributor.authorCarbonello, Amandaen
dc.contributor.authorBroaddus, Charles C.en
dc.contributor.authorBissett, Carolynn J.en
dc.contributor.authorHungerford, Laura L.en
dc.coverage.countryUnited Statesen
dc.coverage.stateVirginiaen
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-29T13:16:25Zen
dc.date.available2022-11-29T13:16:25Zen
dc.date.issued2022-11-15en
dc.date.updated2022-11-24T14:43:06Zen
dc.description.abstract<i>Theileria orientalis</i>, genotype Ikeda, was recently detected in North America. Determining the emerging distribution of this pathogen is critical for understanding spread and developing management strategies. Whole blood samples were collected from cattle at Virginia livestock markets from September 2018 through December 2020. Animals were tested for <i>T. orientalis</i> using a universal and then genotype specific real-time PCR based on the MPSP gene. Prevalence for each genotype was analyzed for temporal trends and mapped by county. Spatial patterns were compared between genotypes and assessed for associations with habitat features, cattle movements through cattle markets and county proximity. Overall, 212 of 1980 samples tested positive for <i>T. orientalis</i> with an overall prevalence of 8.7% (172/1980) for genotype Ikeda, 1.8% (36/1980) for genotype Chitose, 0.2% (3/1980) for genotype Buffeli. The Ikeda genotype increased over time in northern and southwestern Virginia markets. The Ikeda and Chitose genotypes occurred in different regions, with little overlap, but for each genotype, spatial distribution was associated with a combination of cattle movements and environmental factors. Genotype specific qPCR testing and surveillance of cattle from across a wide area of Virginia are providing information on temporal, spatial, and other patterns for this emerging disease.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationTelionis, A.; Lahmers, K.; Todd, M.; Carbonello, A.; Broaddus, C.C.; Bissett, C.J.; Hungerford, L.L. Distribution of Theileria orientalis in Virginia Market Cattle, 2018-2020. Pathogens 2022, 11, 1353.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111353en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/112714en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectTheileria orientalisen
dc.subjectIkeda genotypeen
dc.subjectChitose genotypeen
dc.subjectprevalenceen
dc.subjectspatial distributionen
dc.titleDistribution of Theileria orientalis in Virginia Market Cattle, 2018-2020en
dc.title.serialPathogensen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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