Pathogenesis and shedding of Usutu virus in juvenile chickens

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dc.contributor.authorKuchinsky, Sarah C.en
dc.contributor.authorFrere, Francescaen
dc.contributor.authorHeitzman-Breen, Noraen
dc.contributor.authorGolden, Jacoben
dc.contributor.authorVázquez, Anaen
dc.contributor.authorHonaker, Christa F.en
dc.contributor.authorSiegel, Paul B.en
dc.contributor.authorCiupe, Stanca M.en
dc.contributor.authorLeRoith, Tanyaen
dc.contributor.authorDuggal, Nisha K.en
dc.contributor.departmentBiomedical Sciences and Pathobiologyen
dc.contributor.departmentMathematicsen
dc.contributor.departmentAnimal and Poultry Sciencesen
dc.contributor.departmentBiological Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-04T19:04:41Zen
dc.date.available2021-08-04T19:04:41Zen
dc.date.issued2021-01-01en
dc.date.updated2021-08-04T19:04:37Zen
dc.description.abstractUsutu virus (USUV; family: Flaviviridae, genus: Flavivirus), is an emerging zoonotic arbovirus that causes severe neuroinvasive disease in humans and has been implicated in the loss of breeding bird populations in Europe. USUV is maintained in an enzootic cycle between ornithophilic mosquitos and wild birds. As a member of the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex, USUV is closely related to West Nile virus (WNV) and St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), both neuroinvasive arboviruses endemic in wild bird populations in the United States. An avian model for USUV is essential to understanding zoonotic transmission. Here we describe the first avian models of USUV infection with the development of viremia. Juvenile commercial ISA Brown chickens were susceptible to infection by multiple USUV strains with evidence of cardiac lesions. Juvenile chickens from two chicken lines selected for high (HAS) or low (LAS) antibody production against sheep red blood cells showed markedly different responses to USUV infection. Morbidity and mortality were observed in the LAS chickens, but not HAS chickens. LAS chickens had significantly higher viral titers in blood and other tissues, as well as oral secretions, and significantly lower development of neutralizing antibody responses compared to HAS chickens. Mathematical modelling of virus-host interactions showed that the viral clearance rate is a stronger mitigating factor for USUV viremia than neutralizing antibody response in this avian model. These chicken models provide a tool for further understanding USUV pathogenesis in birds and evaluating transmission dynamics between avian hosts and mosquito vectors.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extentPages 725-738en
dc.format.extent14 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2021.1908850en
dc.identifier.eissn2222-1751en
dc.identifier.issn2222-1751en
dc.identifier.issue1en
dc.identifier.orcidLeRoith, Tanya [0000-0002-1196-6949]en
dc.identifier.pmid33769213 (pubmed)en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/104574en
dc.identifier.volume10en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherTaylor & Francisen
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000638402900001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicineen
dc.subjectImmunologyen
dc.subjectInfectious Diseasesen
dc.subjectMicrobiologyen
dc.subjectUsutu virusen
dc.subjectpathogenesisen
dc.subjectavian modelen
dc.subjectjuvenile chickenen
dc.subjectvirus-host interactionsen
dc.subject0605 Microbiologyen
dc.titlePathogenesis and shedding of Usutu virus in juvenile chickensen
dc.title.serialEmerging Microbes & Infectionsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dc.type.otherJournalen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicineen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiologyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciences/Durelle Scotten

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