Treatment of cattle with ivermectin and its effect on dung degradation and larval abundance in a tropical savanna setting

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dc.contributor.authorRuhinda, Miriamen
dc.contributor.authorXia, Kangen
dc.contributor.authorRist, Cassidyen
dc.contributor.authorShija, Geralden
dc.contributor.authorLyimo, Issa N.en
dc.contributor.authorMeza, Felicianen
dc.contributor.authorBrewster, Carlyleen
dc.contributor.authorChaccour, Carlosen
dc.contributor.authorRabinovich, N. Reginaen
dc.contributor.authorSchuerch, Rogeren
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-31T14:46:26Zen
dc.date.available2025-01-31T14:46:26Zen
dc.date.issued2024-12-12en
dc.description.abstractWhen ingested as part of a blood meal, the antiparasitic drug ivermectin kills mosquitoes, making it a candidate for mass drug administration (MDA) in humans and livestock to reduce malaria transmission. When administered to livestock, most ivermectin is excreted unmetabolized in the dung within 5 days post administration. Presence of ivermectin, has been shown to adversely affect dung colonizers and dung degradation in temperate settings; however, those findings may not apply to, tropical environment, where ivermectin MDA against malaria would occur. Here we report results of a randomized field experiment conducted with dung from ivermectin-treated and control cattle to determine the effect of ivermectin on dung degradation in tropical Tanzania. For intact pats, we measured termite colonization, larval numbers and pat wet and dry weights. Pat organic matter was interpolated from a subsample of the pat (10 g wet weight). Additionally, we counted larvae growing in the treated and untreated pats in a semi-field setting. We found that termites colonized ivermectin pats more readily than controls. Despite this, wet weight decreased significantly slower in the ivermectin-treated pats in the first two weeks. As water was lost, sub-sample dry weight increased, and organic matter decreased similarly over time for the treatment and control. Interpolated for whole pats, total organic matter was higher, and larval counts were lower in the ivermectin-treated pats after the first month. Our results demonstrate an effect of ivermectin and its metabolites on dung degradation and fauna in a tropical savanna setting. Because slow dung degradation and low insect abundance negatively impact pastureland, these non-target, environmental effects must be further investigated within the context of real-world implementation of ivermectin MDA in cattle and weighed against the potential benefits for malaria control.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier100950 (Article number)en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100950en
dc.identifier.eissn2352-7714en
dc.identifier.issn2352-7714en
dc.identifier.orcidSchuerch, Roger [0000-0001-9075-8912]en
dc.identifier.orcidRist, Cassidy [0000-0002-7558-8094]en
dc.identifier.otherPMC11699432en
dc.identifier.otherS2352-7714(24)00276-3 (PII)en
dc.identifier.pmid39760016en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10919/124457en
dc.identifier.volume20en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.relation.urihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39760016en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectDung degradationen
dc.subjectIvermectinen
dc.subjectLarval abundanceen
dc.subjectMalariaen
dc.subjectMass drug administrationen
dc.subjectTanzaniaen
dc.titleTreatment of cattle with ivermectin and its effect on dung degradation and larval abundance in a tropical savanna settingen
dc.title.serialOne Healthen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dcterms.dateAccepted2024-12-09en
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Techen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/Entomologyen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/Veterinary Medicineen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Population Health Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/CALS T&R Facultyen

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